Friends, today in this article we will learn about the maintenance of transformers. I am going to give you information about all this in a very good way. So let’s start.
maintenance of transformers
Transformers are expensive and are important parts of any machinery. Hence, their maintenance is necessary to achieve high efficiency. Their performance and lifespan can be increased through maintenance. The maintenance of transformers is done in two ways. In this, maintenance is done through continuous maintenance system and periodic maintenance system. If the system containing transformers is maintained continuously, then the operation of the transformer becomes economical. When the transformer is tested at an interval of 1 year or 6 months, then this maintenance is called periodic maintenance. Under periodic maintenance, the flash point of the oil is tested and the dielectric strength is improved. This is also called time based maintenance.
Annual maintenance of transformer
For annual testing of transformer, air fan, oil pump and other cooling systems are tested. Apart from this, annual maintenance system can be clarified by the following points-
- The transformer bushing must be cleaned.
- The condition of the oil used in the transformer should be tested. If the moisture test and dielectric test are different from the standard values, then it should be replaced.
- The relay working in the transformer and all its connections should be tested.
- Transformer tap changer panel and alarm control switch etc. should be maintained once a year.
- Buchholz relay is used for protection in transformers. It provides protection from high temperature. Hence its maintenance is necessary at annual intervals.
- The earthing resistance in the transformer should also be tested. Based on this, the leakage current of the transformer is estimated. An earth resistance meter is used to find the value of earthing resistance.
Daily testing chart of transformer
The daily testing chart of a transformer may be explained as follows-
- The bottom of the magnetic oil gauge should be checked. If the oil level is low, it should be filled up to the prescribed level.
2 Silica in the transformer should be replaced if its colour changes.
3. If the seal is leaking, it should be replaced.
- The connection points of the transformer must be tested.
Maintenance of Current Transformers
Current transformer is a measuring device used in the power substation. It protects the equipment working at the substation. It is connected to the relay circuit. The relay circuit is connected to the circuit breaker. This entire circuit is called the protection circuit. Thus, maintenance of current transformer is necessary. Its maintenance interval is 1 year. It can be explained through the following points-
- The insulation resistance of current transformer CT should be tested. While testing the insulation in current transformer it should be kept in mind that there are two types of insulation in it. Its first level insulation is of high capacity. The secondary level insulation resistance of CT is measured by megger up to high voltage 2.5 kV or 5 kV.
2. Scanning of the internal terminal and top terminal of CT should be done once a year. This type of scanning is done using infrared rays.
- The secondary coil of the CT should be tested for compatibility with the coil box. The porcelain housing of the CT should be tested. If it is found damaged, it should be replaced.
Maintenance of Voltage Transformer
Like the current transformer, the voltage transformer (PT) is the main measuring device. Voltage is measured through it. Its maintenance is not required continuously. Its annual maintenance is sufficient. The maintenance work for this can be understood through the following points-
- The porcelain housing of the voltage transformer should be cleaned with cotton.
2. ‘Spark gap installation’ in PT should be selected for maintenance on annual basis. In this, brass electrodes should be cleaned.
- The high frequency earthing point of the PT must be tested.
- Hot spots should be tested using a thermovision camera.
5. The gasket assembly should be tested and replaced if necessary.
What did you learn today :-
Now you must have known that you must have got the answer to all these questions regarding maintenance of transformer very well.
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